1873–1953, American educator, b. Ridott, Ill., grad. Pennsylvania College (Iowa), 1896, Univ. of Michigan, 1897, Ph.D. Cornell Univ., 1900. He taught philosophy at the Univ. of Wisconsin from 1900 to 1909 and at the Univ. of Illinois from 1909 to 1921, at which time he became professor of education at Ohio State Univ. He retired in 1944, having made the university an important center of graduate studies in the philosophy of education. His theories of education are revealed in Fundamentals of Education (1921), Modern Educational Theories (1927), and Conflicting Psychologies of Learning (1929). His Progressive Education at the Crossroads (1938) constitutes an incisive criticism of the progressive education movement.
